Equine Strangles

Equine Strangles is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus equi, a pathogen that primarily affects horses. This infection is now prevalent in many regions of the UK and has become a significant concern, particularly in large equine facilities where its spread can lead to severe economic consequences. Unlike many other bacterial infections that may disseminate throughout the body, strangles tends to localise at the back of the throat. This unique characteristic of the infection leads to the development of distinct clinical symptoms in affected animals.

Horses infected with equine strangles should be isolated and not moved or exercised, as the risk of spreading the infection to other animals is high. The clinical signs of strangles can vary widely, but typically, affected horses exhibit a high fever, accompanied by a thick nasal discharge. One of the most recognisable symptoms is the swelling of the lymph nodes around the neck and jaw. These lymph nodes become large, hot, and extremely painful to the touch, eventually forming abscesses that can rupture and drain.

In most cases, the infection is localised and can be managed with appropriate veterinary care. However, in rare and severe cases, horses may develop a more serious form of the disease known as ‘bastard’ strangles. In this form, the bacteria spread beyond the lymph nodes near the throat, leading to the formation of abscesses in other parts of the body, such as the lungs, abdomen, or even the brain. Bastard strangles is often difficult to treat and is usually fatal, making it a particularly dreaded complication of the disease.

Preventative measures, including strict quarantine procedures and hygiene practices, are essential in managing the spread of equine strangles. Given its highly contagious nature and the severe outcomes it can cause, early detection and prompt veterinary intervention are crucial in controlling outbreaks and reducing the impact on affected horse populations. Contact Thrums vets if you have any concerns.