Azoturia

Azoturia, a condition that affects horses, is known by several other names, including rhabdomyolysis, tying-up, exertional myopathy, and setfast. This disease commonly targets a horse’s hindquarters and back muscles, and it is most frequently observed in horses that are actively in training. The condition typically manifests after a day of rest, during which the horse receives its usual full rations, followed by intense physical exertion. Due to this pattern, azoturia has historically been referred to as “Monday morning disease,” a term originating from the days when carriage horses were rested on Sundays and then worked hard on Mondays. However, it is important to note that azoturia can occur in any horse, regardless of its rest schedule.

What Causes It?

The underlying cause of azoturia is damage to the muscles and tendons in the hindquarters and back, leading to inflammation and significant pain in these areas. While the exact mechanisms that trigger this condition are not entirely understood, several factors appear to contribute. It is believed that the disease may be linked to an imbalance between energy intake and exercise, where an excess of energy-rich feed combined with insufficient physical activity can precipitate the condition. Additionally, elevated levels of certain salts in the blood have also been suggested as a potential cause.

What Are the Signs of Azoturia?

Azoturia can present with varying degrees of severity. In mild cases, the horse may exhibit signs of general stiffness or cramping in the hindquarters and back. Both hindlimbs are usually affected equally, so the horse may not appear overtly lame. However, in more severe cases, the symptoms can be much more dramatic. The horse might become unable to move and, in some instances, may even collapse during exercise. In addition to these symptoms, horses suffering from azoturia may also display signs typically associated with colic, such as excessive sweating and pawing at the ground.

How Can I Prevent it?

Prevention of azoturia involves carefully balancing the horse’s diet and exercise regimen. The key is to avoid feeding the horse high-energy feeds if it is not going to receive sufficient exercise to burn off that energy. Consulting with a veterinary surgeon is crucial in developing an appropriate feeding and exercise plan tailored to your horse’s specific needs. They can provide guidance on how to manage the horse’s diet and activity levels to minimize the risk of azoturia and offer strategies for dealing with recurrent episodes if they occur.

What Should I Do if I Think My Horse Has It?

If you suspect that your horse is suffering from azoturia, particularly if symptoms arise during exercise, it is essential to act swiftly. The horse should never be forced to continue its exercise routine or complete a hack if signs of azoturia are present. If possible, arrange for the horse to be transported back to the yard by vehicle to avoid further strain. If you are uncertain about what steps to take, or if the symptoms seem severe, contact your veterinary surgeon immediately for professional advice and assistance. Prompt action is crucial to prevent further complications and to ensure the best possible outcome for your horse.